Diplomacy
At the Water's Edge of Internal Conflict
Kenya's Diplomatic Response to Post-Election Violent Conflict, 2007/8
This book analyses the Serena Mediation that took place in Kenya following the 2007/8 post-election conflict. It is concerned with the immediate pre-mediation diplomacy that happened, and the issues informing the mediation phase of the process. It analyses the actors involved — both Kenyan and foreign — and the issues they pursued in the course of the mediation. The importance of the Serena Mediation was that it was the first time Kenya's diplomacy of conflict management was applied to its own internal conflict. As such, Kenya's responses and the mediation process are an important addition to Kenya's strategic history.
Diplomacy of Responses to National Security Crises
Contexts Relationships and Perspectives in Kenya.
This Occasional Paper examines the Diplomacy of responses to national security crises. While essentially a case study based on Kenya's responses, it draws on examples from other countries. It inspects Kenya's strategic history of responses from the Shifta War to the current war on terror. Its major argument is that states may make sovereign national security policy choices about primary responses through other sources of national power. However, in practice, initial prior responses are always Diplomatic; and at some point, as in the current response, even during an initial Military response, the volatile operational environment demands supporting responses from Diplomacy. It also argues that for these reasons, all non-military responses should be categorized as ranges of Diplomatic responses. All these dynamics eventually support the time-tested integrity of the order of states' national responses specified in International Law, and supported by state practice.
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